home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- $Unique_ID{BRK03525}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Berylliosis}
- $Subject{Berylliosis Beryllium Disease Beryllium Poisoning Beryllium
- Granulomatosis Acute Beryllium Disease Beryllium Pneumonosis Acute Berylliosis
- Chronic Berylliosis Sarcoidosis Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 481:
- Berylliosis
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Berylliosis) is not the
- name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing on the next page to
- find alternate names, disorder subdivisions, and related disorders covered by
- this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Beryllium Disease
- Beryllium Poisoning
- Beryllium Granulomatosis
- Acute Beryllium Disease
- Beryllium Pneumonosis
-
- DISORDER SUBDIVISIONS
-
- Acute Berylliosis
- Chronic Berylliosis
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Sarcoidosis
- Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Berylliosis is a metal poisoning or allergic disorder caused by exposure
- to beryllium dust or fumes, usually in occupational settings. Symptoms may
- affect the lungs, skin, eyes, blood or various other organs of the body.
- Symptoms can be chronic or acute and may begin after short- or long-term
- exposure. Some cases may be delayed as long as twenty years after initial
- exposure to beryllium which is a metal that is primarily used in the
- aerospace and nuclear power industry.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Acute Berylliosis primarily affects the lungs. Coughing, which is dry at
- first, later becomes violent and exhausting. Breathing becomes difficult and
- blood may appear in sputum. Patients may experience weight loss and chest
- pain. They may increasingly feel tired for no apparent reason.
-
- An allergic reaction to beryllium may be manifested in the skin as
- reddened patches or small raised, discolored spots on the face, neck, arms,
- and/or hands. Lymph nodes near affected skin areas may become enlarged.
-
- With prolonged exposure, Berylliosis may become chronic. The skin may
- appear to have a bluish tinge (cyanosis), accompanied by fever and weight
- loss. Breathing becomes progressively difficult particularly when lying down
- and may ease only in a standing or straight backed sitting position
- (orthopnea). Fingernails may become clubbed and heart problems may develop.
- Lesions may develop in the corneas of the eyes.
-
- Causes
-
- Berylliosis is caused by exposure to beryllium dust or fumes, usually in an
- occupational setting. In the absence of strict safety measures to limit
- exposure, workers may bring home contaminated dust in their clothes thus
- possibly spreading the condition to their families. Some cases may not be
- apparent as long as twenty years after initial exposure to beryllium.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Berylliosis affects individuals exposed to the metal beryllium. Persons
- employed in the aerospace, aviation or nuclear power industries, beryllium
- mining and processing, or fluorescent lamp manufacturing between 1943 and
- 1955, may be at risk for contracting this disorder. In some cases, the
- families of these employees may have been exposed. Some people living in the
- vicinity of beryllium refineries have been found to have Berylliosis.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Berylliosis.
- Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Sarcoidosis is characterized primarily by small round lesions (tubercles)
- of granulation tissue appearing in the lungs and many other parts of the
- body. This disorder tends to affect people of African ancestry more than
- other heritages. (For more information on this disorder, choose
- "Sarcoidosis" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis is a lung disorder resulting from repeated
- inhalation of organic dust, usually in a specific occupational setting. In
- the acute form, respiratory symptoms and fever start several hours after
- exposure to the dust. The chronic form is characterized by gradual changes
- in the lung tissue associated with several years of exposure to the irritant.
- (For more information on this disorder, choose "Alveolitis" as your search
- term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Preventive measures should be aimed at limiting or completely avoiding
- exposure to beryllium fumes or dust. In single exposure acute cases,
- treatment is symptomatic since effects of the beryllium are short-term and
- usually reversible. Corticosteroid therapy may be helpful in chronic cases,
- especially when treatment is begun early in the course of the disorder.
- Washing of the lungs with a small amount of fluid (bronchoalveolar lavage)
- may be helpful in chronic cases to confirm a diagnosis as well as help remove
- inorganic particles from the lungs.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- September 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Berylliosis, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- American Lung Association
- 1740 Broadway
- New York, NY 10019
- (212) 315-8700
-
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5717
-
- Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
- 1600 Clifton Road, NE
- Atlanta, GA 30333
- (404) 639-3534
-
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
- Public Affairs Office
- P.O. Box 12233
- Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
- (919) 541-3345
-
- References
-
- INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown and
- Co., 1987. Pp. 656-657.
-
- CHRONIC BERYLLIUM DISEASE: DIAGNOSIS, RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS, AND
- CORRELATION WITH PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS: J.M. Aronchick, et al.; Radiology
- (June 1987, issue 163(3)). Pp. 677-682.
-
- TRANSMISSION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE TO FAMILY CONTACTS: B. Knishkowy,
- et al.; Am J Ind Med (1986, issue 9(6)). Pp. 543-550.
-
- CHRONIC BERYLLIUM DISEASE IN A PRECIOUS METAL REFINERY. CLINICAL
- EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND IMMUNOLOGIC EVIDENCE FOR CONTINUING RISK FROM EXPOSURE TO
- LOW LEVEL BERYLLIUM FUME: M.R. Cullen, et al.; Am Rev Respir Dis (January
- 1987, issue 135(1)). Pp. 201-208.
-
-